As Americans observe Cholesterol Education Month in September, providers at Gothenburg Health are encouraging community members to learn more about an often-overlooked cardiovascular risk factor known as lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a). According to Jordan Haake, APRN, understanding this number can provide valuable insight into a person's risk for heart disease, stroke and other cardiovascular conditions.

While many people are familiar with cholesterol numbers such as HDL, often called "good" cholesterol, and LDL, known as "bad" cholesterol, Lp(a) is less commonly discussed. However, recent national cardiovascular guidelines recommend that adults have their Lp(a) level measured at least once during their lifetime because it can reveal risks that are not always identified through a standard cholesterol test.

"Lp(a) is similar to LDL cholesterol, but it has an additional protein attached," Haake said. "That extra protein can contribute to inflammation and plaque buildup in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke."

Unlike many other heart health factors, Lp(a) is determined primarily by genetics. Haake explained that healthy habits such as eating well, exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight remain essential for overall cardiovascular health, but they typically have little effect on Lp(a) levels.

"Understanding your blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar and family history gives you the information you need to take control of your health," Haake said. "I also encourage patients to consider whether an Lp(a) test is right for them."

According to information from the American College of Cardiology's 2026 Dyslipidemia Guidelines, Lp(a) levels remain relatively stable throughout adulthood. Because of that, most people only need to be tested once to determine their level.

Testing may be especially important for individuals with a personal or family history of early heart disease, heart attack, stroke or high cholesterol. Elevated Lp(a) levels often run in families, making family health history an important part of assessing cardiovascular risk.

For those interested in learning their Lp(a) level, Gothenburg Health offers the Lipoprotein(a) test through its Direct Access Testing program for $55. The test does not require a provider order, is offered at a discounted cash price and is not submitted to insurance.

A simple blood test can measure Lp(a), and fasting is not required beforehand. A level of 50 mg/dL, or 125 nmol/L, or higher is considered elevated. About one in five people have Lp(a) levels in that range.

Although an elevated result does not mean someone will develop heart disease, it does provide a more complete picture of overall cardiovascular risk. When Lp(a) levels are high, healthcare providers often focus on controlling other risk factors such as LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, blood sugar and tobacco use. Staying physically active and following a heart-healthy diet also remain important steps for protecting long-term health.

During Cholesterol Education Month, Haake encourages patients to know their numbers and talk with their healthcare provider about their heart health.